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innate lymphoid cell
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of innate immune cells that belong to the lymphoid lineage but do not respond in an antigen-specific manner, as they lack a B or T cell receptor.〔 This relatively newly described group of cells has different physiological functions, some of them analogous to helper T cells, while also including the cytotoxic NK cells. In accordance, they have an important role in protective immunity and the regulation of homeostasis and inflammation, so their dysregulation can lead to immune pathology such as allergy and autoimmune disease.
==Classification==
ILCs can be divided based on the cytokines that they can produce, and the transcription factors that regulate their development and function. For each newly discovered branch of the ILC family, it will be important to determine whether a cell type represents a stable lineage or just a stage of differentiation or activation. The emerging body of data about the transcription factors and cytokine signals that differentiate ILCs contributes to the evolving classification system used to identify ILCs.
Most recently, a group of scientists has proposed a nomenclature and classification system that divides the known ILCs into three groups.〔Spits, H. et al. Innate lymphoid cells — a proposal for uniform nomenclature. Nature Rev. Immunol. 13, 145–149 (2013)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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